Python

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Nombre completo

in all caps with underscores separating words -- e.g. MAX_VALUE = 255

in lowercase with underscores to separate words -- e.g. max_value = 255

in mixed case without using underscores to separate words -- e.g. MaxValue = 255

in camel case without using underscores to separate words -- e.g. maxValue = 255

The __init__ method is a constructor method that is called automatically whenever a new object is created from a class. It sets the initial state of a new object.

The __init__ method initializes any imports you may have included at the top of your file.

The__init__ method is included to preserve backwards compatibility from Python 3 to Python 2, but no longer needs to be used in Python 3.

The __init__ method makes classes aware of each other if more than one class is defined in a single code file.

pp89

median

mean

average

mode

self means that no other arguments are required to be passed into the method.

self refers to the instance whose method was called.

There is no real purpose for the self method; it's just historic computer science jargon that Python keeps to stay consistent with other programming languages.

self refers to the class that was inherited from to create the object using self.

pp94

{0,2}

{2}

[0,2,0,0]

[2]

Elements can be retrieved from a list but they cannot be retrieved from a set.

A set is an ordered collection unique items. A list is an unordered collection of non-unique items.

A set is an unordered collection unique items. A list is an ordered collection of non-unique items

A set is an ordered collection of non-unique items. A list is an unordered collection of unique items.

It converts a complex value type into simpler value types.

It applies a function to each item in an iterable and returns the value of that function.

It creates a mapping between two different elements of different iterables.

It creates a path from multiple values in an iterable to a single value.

When you open a file using the with keyword in Python, Python will make sure the file gets closed, even if an exception or error is thrown.

The with keyword acts like a for loop, and lets you access each line in the file one by one

There is no benefit to using the with keyword for opening a file in Python.

The with keyword lets you choose which application to open the file in.

pp13

[(2019, 2020, 2021, 2022), ('Freshman', 'Sophomore', 'Junior', 'Senior')]

[(2019, 'Freshman'), (2020, 'Sophomore'), (2021, 'Junior'), (2022, 'Senior')]

[('Freshman', 2019), ('Sophomore', 2020), ('Junior', 2021), ('Senior', 2022)]

[('Freshman', 'Sophomore', 'Junior', 'Senior'), (2019, 2020, 2021, 2022)]

10.

pp85

It returns a 5x5 matric; each row will have the values 1,2,3,4,5.

It returns an array with the values 1,2,3,4,5

It returns five different square matrices filled with ones. The first is 1x1, the second 2x2, and so on to 5x5

It returns a 5-dimensional array of size 1x2x3x4x5 filled with 1s.

11.

pp87

a set of all the number from 0 to 100 multiplied by 3

a list of all the multiples of 3 less then 100

a set of all the multiples of 3 less then 100 excluding 0

a set of all the multiples of 3 less then 100

12.

pp40

1.5 = fruit_info ['price]

fruit_info ['price'] = 1.5

my_list['price'] == 1.5

my_list [3.5] = 1.5

13.

Binary Search Tree cannot be used to organize and search through numeric data, given the complication that arise with very deep trees.

The smallest numeric value would go in the top most node. The next highest number would go in its left child node, the the next highest number after that would go in its right child node. This pattern would continue until all numeric values were in their own node.

The top node of the binary search tree would be an arbitrary number. All the nodes to the left of the top node need to be less than the top node's number, but they don't need to ordered in any particular way.

For any given Node in a binary Search Tree, the child node to the left is less than the value of the given node and the child node to its right is greater than the given node.

14.

a generic object class with iterable parameter fields

a tuple subclass with non-iterable parameter fields

a generic object class with non-iterable named fields

a tuple subclass with iterable named fields

15.

pp6

tuple duplication

tuple matching

tuple assignment

tuple unpacking

16.

The any() function returns True if any item in the list evaluates to True. Otherwise, it returns False.

The any() function will randomly return any item from the list.

The any() function returns a Boolean value that answers the question "Are there any items in this list?"

The any() function takes as arguments the list to check inside, and the item to check for. If "any" of the items in the list match the item to check for, the function returns True.

17.

You use a mixin to make sure that a class's attributes and methods don't interfere with global variables and functions.

You use a mixin to force a function to accept an argument at runtime even if the argument wasn't included in the function's definition.

If you have many classes that all need to have the same functionality, you'd use a mixin to define that functionality.

You use a mixin to allow a decorator to accept keyword arguments.

18.

defaultdict forces a dictionary to only accept keys that are of the types specified when you created the defaultdict (such as strings or integers).

defaultdict stores a copy of a dictionary in memory that you can default to if the original gets unintentionally modified.

If you try to read from a defaultdict with a nonexistent key, a new default key-value pair will be created for you instead of throwing a KeyError.

defaultdict will automatically create a dictionary for you that has keys which are the integers 0-10.

19.

python3

python3 doctest

python3 rundoctests

python3 -m doctest

20.

def Game(LogicGame): pass

class Game(LogicGame): pass

def Game.LogicGame(): pass

class Game.LogicGame(): pass

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Bienvenido al test sobre Python

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